巧学妙用 There be

作者：张祥美

There be句型主要用以表达"某处(某时)有某物(某人)",其基本结构为"There be+某物(某人)+某处(某时)。"其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词(某物/某人),be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只有is和are两种形式。"某处(某时)"在句中常以介词短语出现。下面这首歌诀帮你巧记There be句型结构:

There be放句首,主语跟在后,地、时放句末,强调置前头。

[情景例句]

There is a picture on the wall of the room.

There are some people in the classroom.

有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:On the desk there are three books and a pen. (桌子上有三本书和一枝钢笔。)

There be句型中的be动词有数的变化,其记忆口诀为:

Be用复数还是单,与其主语很相关。

主语单数、不可数,则用is要记清楚。

倘若复数作主语,用are定要牢记住。

并列结构为主语,是is是are就近取。

[要点解码]1. 主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词,be就用is;主语是复数名词,be就用are。例句验证:

There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。(可数名词单数作主语)

There is some money in my hand. 我手里有些钱。(不可数名词作主语)

There are some pears in the box. 箱子里有些梨。(名词复数作主语)

2. 如果主语是and连接的几个并列名词,be用is还是用are取决于离它最近的那个名词,这叫"就近原则"。例句验证:

There is a book and two pens on the floor. 地板上有一本书和两枝钢笔。

There are two girls and a boy in the room. 房里有两个女孩和一个男孩。