韩愈代表作品师说

《师说》是唐代大散文家韩愈所作的一篇有名的说理文。以下是小编为您整理的韩愈代表作品师说相关资料，欢迎阅读！

原文

古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能无惑？惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之；生乎吾后，其闻道也亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。

嗟乎！师道之不传也久矣！欲人之无惑也难矣！古之圣人，其出人也远矣，犹且从师而问焉；今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣，愚人之所以为愚，其皆出于此乎？爱其子，择师而教之；于其身也，则耻师焉，惑矣。彼童子之师，授之书而习其句读者，非吾所谓传其道解其惑者也。句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉，小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。巫医乐师百工之人，不耻相师。士大夫之族，曰师曰弟子云者，则群聚而笑之。问之，则曰：“彼与彼年相若也，道相似也。位卑则足羞，官盛则近谀。”呜呼！师道之不复可知矣。巫医乐师百工之人，君子不齿，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤！

圣人无常师。孔子师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃。郯子之徒，其贤不及孔子。孔子曰：三人行，则必有我师。是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。

李氏子蟠，年十七，好古文，六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时，学于余。余嘉其能行古道，作师说以贻之。

译文

古代求学的人必定有老师。老师，是用来传授道理、讲授学业、解答疑难问题的。人不是一生下来就懂得道理的，谁能没有疑惑？有了疑惑，如果不跟老师学习，那些成为疑难的问题,就始终不能解开。出生在我之前的人，他懂得的道理本来就比我早，我跟从他，拜他为老师；出生在我之后的人，如果他懂得道理也比我早，我也跟从他，拜他为老师。我是向他学习道理的，哪管他的年龄比我大还是小呢？因此，无论高低贵贱，无论年长年幼，道理存在的.地方，就是老师所在的地方。

唉！古代从师学习的风尚不流传已经很久了，要人没有疑惑也难了！古代的圣人，他们超出一般人很远，尚且要跟从老师请教（他，焉为代词）；现在的一般人，他们才智不及圣人也很远，却以向老师学习为耻。因此，圣人更加圣明，愚人更加愚昧。圣人之所以成为圣人，愚人之所以成为愚人，大概都是由于这个原因吧? 爱自己的孩子，选择老师来教他。但是对于他自己，却以跟从老师学习为可耻，真是糊涂啊！那些儿童的老师，教他读书，学习书中的文句的停顿，并不是我所说的传授道理，解答疑难问题的老师。不知句子停顿要问老师，有疑惑不能解决却不愿问老师；小的方面学习了大的却丢了[2]。我没有看到他的明达。巫医、乐师、各种工匠这些人，不以互相学习为耻。士大夫这一类人，听到称“老师”称“弟子”的人，就聚在一起嘲笑他们。问他们，就说：“他和他年龄差不多，懂得的道理也差不多。把地位低的人当做老师，就足以感到耻辱；把官大的人当做老师，就被认为近于谄媚。”哎！求师的风尚难以恢复由此可以知道了！巫医、乐师、各种工匠这些人，君子不屑一提，现在他们的智慧竟然反而比不上这些人了，这真是奇怪啊！

圣人没有固定的老师，孔子曾以郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃为师。郯子这些人，贤能都比不上孔子。孔子说：“三人行，则必有我师。”所以学生不一定不如老师，老师不一定比学生贤明。接受道理有早有晚，学问和技艺上各有各的专门研究，如此而已。

李家的孩子叫李蟠的，十七岁，喜欢古文，六艺的经文和传文都普遍地学习了，没有被时代的风气所影响，向我学习。我赞赏他能履行古人之道，写《师说》送给他。

作者简介

韩愈（768～824）唐代文学家、哲学家。字退之，河阳（今河南省焦作孟州市）人，汉族。祖籍昌黎（今辽宁义县），世称韩昌黎。晚年任吏部侍郎，又称韩吏部。谥号“文”，又称韩文公。他是唐代古文运动的倡导者，主张学习先秦两汉的散文语言，破骈为散，扩大文言文的表达功能。宋代苏轼称他“文起八代之衰”，明人推他为唐宋八大家之首，与柳宗元并称“韩柳”，有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名。作品都收在《昌黎先生集》里。韩愈还是一个语言巨匠。他善于使用前人词语，又注重当代口语的提炼，得以创造出许多新的语句，其中有不少已成为成语流传至今，如“落阱下石”、“动辄得咎”、“杂乱无章”等。在思想上是中国「道统」观念的确立者，是尊儒反佛的里程碑式人物。

韩愈三岁而孤，受兄嫂抚育，早年流离困顿，有读书经世之志，虽孤贫却刻苦好学。20岁赴长安考进士，三试不第。25～35岁，他先中进士，三试博学鸿词科不成，赴汴州董晋、徐州张建封两节度使幕府任职。后回京任四门博士。36～49岁，任监察御史，因上书论天旱人饥状，请减免赋税，贬阳山令。宪宗时北归，为国子博士，累官至太子右庶子，但不得志。50～57岁，先从裴度征吴元济，后迁刑部侍郎。因谏迎佛骨，贬潮州刺史。移袁州。不久回朝，历国子祭酒、兵部侍郎、吏部侍郎、京兆尹等职。政治上较有作为。诗力求险怪新奇，雄浑而重气势。

韩愈代表作品师说英文版

Ancient scholars certainly had teachers. A teacher is one who passes on the truth, imparts knowledge and solves puzzles. Man is not born with knowledge. Who can deny that he has puzzles? These would remain unsolved, should one refuse to be instructed by teachers.

The men born before me surely know the truth before me, so I respect them as teachers, whereas those born after me may also know the truth before me, I likewise respect them as teachers. It is the truth that I endeavour to learn. Must I know beforehand whether my teacher was born earlier or later than I? Therefore, no distinction should be made between the noble and the humble or between the young and the old. Where lies the truth, there is a teacher.

Alas, it is a long time since the admirable tone of respecting teachers ceased to pass on! How hard it would be to expect a man to be free of puzzles! Sages in olden times outstripped by far the ordinary people. Nevertheless, they had teachers and asked them questions. Nowadays the multitude, though much inferior to sages, are ashamed of being instructed by teachers. As a consequence, sages become more sage, and ignoramuses more ignorant. The wisdom of the former and the stupidity of the latter – are they not all caused by this?

Loving parents may select teachers to instruct their children. But when it comes to themselves, they feel it a disgrace to be taught by them. How wrong they must be! The teachers of their children only show them how to read a book sentence by sentence, not to be mentioned in the same breath as those whom I refer to as passing on the truth and solving puzzles. For lack of reading skills, one seeks the help of teachers, while for unsolved puzzles, one acts contrariwise. It is indeed learning the lesser but giving up the greater. I do not see its wisdom.

Physicians, musicians and multifarious artisans are not ashamed of learning from each other. But among the gentlefolk, the talk about the teachers and pupils would invite laughter from a gathered company. When asked about the reason, they would say, “The one is equal to the other in age and knowledge.” To be instructed by a man of low social standing is regarded as a disgrace, and by a man of high official rank as a flattery. Alas, it is only conceivable that the noble tone of respecting teachers is lost and hardly retrievable! Physicians, musicians and artisans are refused to be treated as equals by gentlefolks, yet these turn out to be less intelligent than those. Is it not strange?

Sages have had no constant teachers. Confucius once learned from Tan Zi as well as from Chang Hong, Shi Xiang and Laozi, though Tan Zi and his like are not on a parity with him in wisdom. Confucius says, “Out of my two fellow-travellers, one must be qualified to be my teacher.” Hence pupils are not necessarily inferior to teachers, and teachers need not always be superior to pupils. Some may know the truth earlier or later than others and each has his own professional specialty – that is all!

Li Pan, aged seventeen, is fond of ancient classical writings and have studied all the six arts and their commentaries. Not restrained by the current practice, he has learned from me. As I commend him for his being able to follow the old ways, I am writing this essay “On Teachers” for him.